Stanley Motor Carriage Company
Stanley Motor Carriage Company war ein US-amerikanischer Automobilhersteller, der Dampfwagen produzierte. Der Sitz war in Newton in Massachusetts. Die Produktion lief von 1897 bis 1924.[1][2]
Firmengründung, Aufstieg und Untergang
BearbeitenIm Jahr 1897 stellten die Zwillingsbrüder Francis Edgar Stanley und Freelan O. Stanley ihr erstes dampfgetriebenes Automobil her; 1902 gründeten sie die Firma Stanley Motor Carriage Company, um die Fahrzeugherstellung aufzunehmen. Die dampfgetriebenen Stanley Steamer wurden kontinuierlich weiterentwickelt. Die White Motor Company war als Dampfwagenhersteller ein wichtiger Konkurrent. Die Konkurrenz durch den Verbrennungsmotor wurde immer größer. 1917 verkauften die Brüder ihre Anteile an Prescott Warren. Bis dahin wurden rund 500 Stanley Steamer gebaut. Unter dem neuen Eigentümer gab es keine bedeutende technische Weiterentwicklung. 1924 übernahm die Steam Vehicle Corporation of America das Unternehmen und setzte die Produktion unter dem eigenen Markennamen SV fort.
Im Ersten Weltkrieg halfen Experten der Stanley Motor Carriage Company beim Prototyp des Steam Tank.[3]
Rekorde
BearbeitenDer Stanley Rocket Steamer, gefahren von Fred Marriott, erreichte als erstes Automobil eine Geschwindigkeit über 200 km/h. 1906 stellte Fred Marriott in Daytona Beach mit dem Model „Stanley Rocket“ mit 195,6 km/h einen Geschwindigkeitsweltrekord für Automobile mit Dampfantrieb auf, der 103 Jahre Bestand hatte. Auch der Rekord für die schnellste Meile in dieser Kategorie gehört mit 28,2 Sekunden einem Stanley Steamer.[4]
Technische Merkmale
BearbeitenDer Dampf wurde in einem vertikal angeordneten Kessel erzeugt, der hinter den Sitzen befestigt und mit Petroleum beheizt war. Die Konstrukteure legten großen Wert auf die Sicherheit der Dampferzeugung. Der Kessel zur Dampferzeugung wurde später nach vorne gesetzt. Um die Reichweite zu erhöhen, wurden Kondensatoren zur Speisewasserrückgewinnung eingesetzt. Eine doppeltwirkende Zweizylinder-Dampfmaschine trieb über eine Kette und ein Differentialgetriebe die Hinterräder an.
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Zeichnung Stanley-Dampfmaschine
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Stanley-Dampfmaschine
mit 6 hp -
Kessel eines Stanley Steamers von 1919
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Technischer Aufbau mit Chassis
Produktionszahlen
BearbeitenInsgesamt entstanden über 10.000 Fahrzeuge.[1]
Jahr | Produktionszahl |
---|---|
1901 | 80 |
1902 | 170 |
1903 | 300 |
1904 | 550 |
1905 | 610 |
1906 | 640 |
1907 | 775 |
1908 | 784 |
1909 | 613 |
1910 | 670 |
1911 | 535 |
1912 | 566 |
1913 | 475 |
1914 | 527 |
1915 | 403 |
1916 | 353 |
1917 | 519 |
1918 | 498 |
1919 | 499 |
1920 | 255 |
1921 | 310 |
1922 | 465 |
1923 | 181 |
1924 | 102 |
Summe | 10.880 |
Sonstiges
BearbeitenDer US-amerikanische Fernsehmoderator Jay Leno sammelt Oldtimer und besitzt auch einen Stanley Steamer. Der Wagen zählt nach seinen Aussagen zu seinen Lieblingsstücken, obwohl er angeblich Wasser verliert.
Literatur
Bearbeiten- Beverly Rae Kimes, Henry Austin Clark Jr.: Standard catalog of American Cars. 1805–1942. 3. Auflage. Krause Publications, Iola 1996, ISBN 0-87341-428-4, S. 1377–1381 (englisch).
- George Nicholas Georgano (Hrsg.): The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile. Band 3: P–Z. Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, Chicago 2001, ISBN 1-57958-293-1, S. 1501–1502 (englisch).
Weblinks
Bearbeiten- Modellübersicht von Auburn Heights
- Das Stanleymuseum in Kingfield, Maine
- Registerseite mit Bildern
- Seite über den Rekordfahrer Fred Marriott, die aber auch Bilder der beiden Gebrüder Stanley enthält. (Memento vom 25. Juli 2008 im Internet Archive)
- 16 Minutenfilm (nach 6 Sek. Werbung) von Jay Leno über den Stanley Steamer von 1909
Einzelnachweise
Bearbeiten- ↑ a b Beverly Rae Kimes, Henry Austin Clark Jr.: Standard catalog of American Cars. 1805–1942. 3. Auflage. Krause Publications, Iola 1996, ISBN 0-87341-428-4, S. 1377–1381 (englisch).
- ↑ George Nicholas Georgano (Hrsg.): The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile. Band 3: P–Z. Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, Chicago 2001, ISBN 1-57958-293-1, S. 1501–1502 (englisch).
- ↑ Jeremy Black: Tank Warfare. Indiana University Press, Bloomington 2020, ISBN 978-0-2530-5271-1, S. 30–31.
- ↑ Speed Record Club: Outright Land Speed Records. Abgerufen am 16. Dezember 2017 (englisch).
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Ideal (1914) | IHC | Illinois (1907) | Illinois (1910–1912) | Imp | Imperial (1907–1908) | Imperial (1908–1916) | Imperial (1910) | Independent Harvester | Indian | Inter-State | International (1907–1980) | International (1909) | Iroquois | Izzer | Jackson | James | Jarvis-Huntington | Jeannin | Jeffery | Jenkins | Jennis | Jewel | Jewell | JLB | Joerns-Thiem | Johnson (1905–1906) | Johnson (1905–1912) | Jones | Jones-Corbin | Jonz | Jordan | JPL | K & M | Kansas City | Kansas City Hummer | Kansas City Wonder | Karbach | Kato | Kauffman | Kay-See | Kearns | Keeton | Keller-Kar | Kenmore | Kennedy | Kent | Kenwill | Keystone (1909–1910) | Keystone (1914–1915) | Kiblinger | Kimball | King (1908) | King (1910–1924) | Kirksel | Kirsch | Kissel Kar | Kline Kar | Klink | Klondike | Knox | Kobusch | Koeb-Thompson | Koehler | Koppin | Krit | Krohn Kar | Krotz | Krueger | Kunz | Kupfer | La France | La Petite | La Salle-Niagara | La Vigne | Laconia | Lagerquist | Lambert | Lane (1900–1911) | Lane (1915) | Lang & Scharmann | Lanpher | Lansden | Laurel | Lauth-Juergens | Law | Lawter | LCE | Le Jeal | Leader | Leighton | Lenawee | Lende | Lenox | Lescina | Lewis | Lexington | Liberty (1914) | Liberty (1916–1923) | Liberty Brush | Light | Lima | Lincoln (1908–1909) | Lincoln (1912–1913) | Lincoln (1914) | Lindsley | Lion | Little | Little Princess | Locomobile | Logan (1904–1908) | Logan (1914) | Lomax | Longest | Lord Baltimore | Lorraine | Los Angeles | Lowell | Lozier | Luck Utility | Luverne | LWC | Lyman & Burnham | Lyons-Knight | MacInnes | MacNaughton | Madison | Mahoning | Maibohm | Mais | Majestic (1916) | Majestic (1917) | Malcolm | Mankato | Manlius | Marathon | Marble-Swift | Marion | Marion Flyer | Marion-Handley | Marmon | Marquette | Marsh (1905) | Marsh (1907–1908) | Marshalltown | Martin | Martindale & Millikan | Marvel | Maryland | Mason | Massillon | Master | Matheson | Maumee | Maxim Tri-Car | Maxwell | Maytag | MB | MCC | McCue | McFarlan | McGill | McIntyre | Mecca | Meiselbach | Mel Special | Memphis | Menominee | Mercer | Merciless | Mercury (1913–1914) | Mercury (1918–1920) | Merkel | Merz | Meteor (1904–1905 Missouri) | Meteor (1904–1905 New York) | Meteor (1906–1910) | Meteor (1915–1930) | Metropol | Metz | Michaelson | Michigan (1903–1907) | Michigan (1904–1913) | Michigan (1916) | Middleby | Middletown | Midland (1908–1913) | Midland (1909–1912) | Mier | Milac | Milburn | Miller (1907) | Miller (1911–1914) | Miller-Peters | Mills Electric | Milton | Mino | Mission | Mitchell | Model (1903–1907) | Model (1904–1905) | Model (1910–1912) | Modoc | Mohawk (1903–1905) | Mohawk (1914–1915) | Moline | Moline-Knight | Monarch (1905–1908) | Monarch (1907–1909) | Monarch (1908) | Monarch (1913–1916) | Mondex Magic | Monitor (1909–1911) | Monitor (1915–1922) | Monroe | Monsen | Moody | Moon | Moore (1906–1907) | Moore (1916–1920) | Moore (1917) | Mora | Moreland | Morgan | Moro | Morse (1904–1916) | Morse (1905–1906) | Morse (1914–1916) | Morse-Readio | Mort | Morton | Mosehart & Keller | Motor Buggy | Motor Chair | Motorette | Mount | Mount Pleasant | Moyer | MPM | Mueller | Multiplex | Murray | Myers | Nance | Napoleon | Nash | National | Nelson | Neustadt | Neville | New Era | New Parry | New Way | New York | Niagara (1903–1905) | Niagara (1913) | Niagara (1915–1916) | Nichols | Nichols & Shepard | Nielson | Nor-X | Northern | Norton & Fuller | Norwalk | Novara | Nyberg | O-S | O-We-Go | Oakland | Odelot | Ogren | Ohio (1909–1912) | Ohio (1910–1918) | Okey | Oldsmobile | Olsson | Olympian | Omaha | Only | Orient | Oriole | Ormond | Orson | Oswald | Otto | Ottomobile | Overholt | Overland | Owen | Owen Magnetic | Owen Thomas | Pacific | Pacific Special | Packard | Packet | Paco | Page | Paige | Paige-Detroit | Palmer (1899–1915) | Palmer (1906) | Palmer-Singer | Pan-American | Panther | Paragon | Parry | Parsons | Partin | Partin-Palmer | Paterson | Pathfinder | Patterson-Greenfield | Payne-Modern | Peerless | Pendleton | Peninsular | Penn | Pennsy | Pennsylvania (1906–1911) | Pennsylvania (1908) | Perfection | Perfex | Perkins | Permax | Peter Pan | Peters-Walton | Petrel | Phelps | Phianna | Phipps | Phipps-Grinnell | Pickard | Piedmont (1908) | Piedmont (1917–1922) | Pierce | Pierce-Arrow | Pierce-Racine | Piggins | Pilgrim (1913–1914) | Pilgrim (1915–1918) | Pilliod | Pilot | Pioneer (1907–1912) | Pioneer (1914) | Pittsburgh (1905–1908) | Pittsburgh (1908–1911) | Plymouth | PMC | Pneumobile | Pontiac (1907–1908) | Pontiac (1915–1916) | Pope-Hartford | Pope-Toledo | Pope-Tribune | Pope-Waverley | Portland | Post | Postal | Powercar | Pratt | Pratt-Elkhart | Premier | Prescott | Price | Primo | Princess | Prodal | Prospect | Pullman | Pullman Flyer | Pungs-Finch | Puritan (1902–1905) | Puritan (1913–1914) | Queen | Raber-Lang | RAC | Racine | Racine-Sattley | Rainier | Rambler | Randall | Rands | Ranger | Rauch & Lang | Rayfield | RCH | Read | Reading | Real | Rech-Marbaker | Red Jacket | Reeves | Regal | Regas | Reliable Dayton | Reliance | Remington | Remington Dart | Renville | Reo | Republic | Revere | Rex (1908–1909) | Rex (1914) | Reya | Richard | Richmond | Ricketts | Riddle | Rider-Lewis | Ritter | Ritz | Riviera | Roader | Roamer | Robe | Roberts | Robie | Robson | Rochester Special | Rock Creek | Rock Hill | Rockford | Rockwell | Rodefeld | Roebling-Planche | Rogers | Ross (1906–1909) | Ross (1915–1918) | Rossler | Rotary | Rowe | Royal (1904–1905) | Royal (1913) | Royal (1915) | Royal Princess | Royal Tourist | Ruler | Russell-Deibler | Ruth | S & M | S & M Simplex | Saginaw (1914) | Saginaw (1916) | Salter | Salvador | Sampson | Sandusky | Saxon | Sayers | Schacht | Schlig | Schlosser | Schram | Scott | Scripps-Booth | Seabury | Seagrave | Sears | Sebring | Sefrin | Seidel | Selden | Sellers | Senator (1907–1910) | Senator (1912) | Seneca | Service | Servitor | Seven Little Buffaloes | SGV | Sharon | Sharp | Sharp Arrow | Shawmut | Shepmobile | Shoemaker | Shunk | Sibley | Sibley-Curtiss | Silent Knight | Silent Sioux | Silver | Simplex | Simplicia | Simplicity | Simplo | Singer | Single Center | SJR | Smith (1900–1907) | Smith (1906) | Smith (1916) | Smith Flyer | Snyder (1906–1909) | Snyder (1914) | Sommer (1904–1905) | Sommer (1910–1911) | South Bend | Southern (1906–1908) | Southern (1908–1910) | Southland | Sovereign | Spartan | Spaulding | Speed-Well | Speedway | Speedwell | Spenny | Sphinx | Spoerer | Springer | Springfield | Sprite | Square Deal | St. Joe | St. Louis (1899–1907) | St. Louis (1905) | Stafford | Standard (1904–1905) | Standard (1910–1911) | Standard (1911–1915) | Standard (1914) | Standard (1914–1923) | Standard GE | Stanley (1897–1924) | Stanley (1907–1910) | Star (1907–1908) | Star (1908–1909) | Star (1909–1911) | Starr | States (1914–1915) | States (1916–1918) | Staver | Stearns | Stearns-Knight | Steco | Steel Swallow | Steely | Stephens | Sterling (1909) | Sterling (1909–1911) | Sterling (1915–1916) | Sterling-New York | Stevens-Duryea | Stewart | Stickney | Stilson | Stoddard-Dayton | Storms | Stover | Stratton | Strout | Studebaker | Sturtevant | Stutz | Stuyvesant | Suburban | Success | Sultan | Summit | Sun | Sunset | Superior (1908) | Superior (1914) | Supreme | Synnestvedt | T & F | Taunton | Teetor-Hartley | Templar | Temple-Marvel | Templeton-Dubrie | Tennant | Thayer | Thomas | Thomas-Detroit | Thompson | Thor | Tiffany | Tiger | Tiley | Tincher | Tischer | Titan | TM | TMF | Toquet | Torbensen | Touraine (1907) | Touraine (1912–1916) | Tourist | Townsend | Traveler (1905) | Traveler (1907–1908) | Traveler (1910–1911) | Traveler (1913–1914) | Trebert | Tribune | Tricolet | Tritt | Triumph | True | Trumbull (1899–1905) | Trumbull (1914–1915) | Tucker | Tulsa (1912–1913) | Tulsa (1917–1922) | Twombly | Twyford | Ultra | Union (1902–1905) | Union (1905) | Union (1908–1909) | Union (1911–1912) | Union (1916) | Union City Six | United | Unito | Universal | Upton (1905–1907) | Upton (1914) | US | Utilis | Valley | Van | Van Wambeke | Varsity | Vaughan | Vaughn (1909) | Vaughn (1912) | VE | Velie | Vera | Veracity | Vernon (1911) | Vernon (1918–1920) | Vickers | Victor (1905–1911) | Victor (1913–1917) | Victor (1914–1915) | Viking | Vim | Viqueot | Virginian | Vixen | Volta-Car | Vulcan | Waco | Wagenhals | Wahl | Waite | Waldron | Walker | Wallof | Walter | Waltham | Walworth | Ward (1913–1914) | Ward (1913–1916) | Warner | Warren (1905) | Warren (1910–1913) | Warwick | Washington | Waterloo | Watrous | Watson | Watt | Waukesha | Waverley | Wayne | WCP | Webb Jay | Weeber | Wego | Welch | Welch-Detroit | Wenger | Wentworth | Westcott | Western (1907) | Western (1908 WAC) | Western (1908 WAPC) | Western (1910) | Westerner | Westinghouse | Weyher | WFS | WG | White (1900–1918) | White (1914) | White Star | White Swan | Whiting | Whitney | Whyland | Whyland-Nelson | Wichita | Wilcox | Wilcox-Bachle | Willard | Williams (1905) | Williams (1906–1907) | Willys | Willys-Knight | Windsor | Winner | Winton | Wisco | Wizard | Wolfe | Wolverine (1903–1906) | Wolverine (1917–1919) | Woodburn | Woodland | Woods | Woods Mobilette | Woodward | Worth | Wright | Wyeth | Xenia | Yale (1902–1905) | Yale (1916–1918) | Yankee (1910) | Yankee (1914) | Yellow | York | Zent | Ziebell | Zimmerman | Zip
Ace | Adelphia | Adria | Ajax (1920–1921) | Ajax (1925–1926) | Alena | Allen | Alsace | Ambassador | Amco | American (1916–1920) | American (1917–1924) | American Austin | American Steam Car | American Steamer | Anahuac | Anderson | Anheuser-Busch | Ansted | Apperson | Argonne | Aristocrat | Astor | Astra | Auburn | Austin | Automatic | Bacon | Baden | Baker | Balboa | Barbarino | Barley | Bauer | Bay State | Beggs | BEL | Bell | Bentel | Berg Electric | Biddle | Binghamton | Birch | Birmingham | Blackburn | Blackhawk | Blue Light | Blumberg | Bour-Davis | Bowman | Bradfield | Bradley | Brewster | Briggs & Stratton | Briscoe | Brook | Bryan | Buick | Bush | Cadillac | California | Californian Six | Calvert | Cameron | Campbell | Cardway | Carroll | Carter | Cartermobile | Case | Chalmers | Champion | Chandler | Checker | Chevrolet | Chrysler | Classic | Cleveland | Climber | Coats | Cole | Colonial (1917–1921) | Colonial (1921–1922) | Columbia | Comet | Commerce | Commodore | Commonwealth | Cootie | Cord | Corinthian | Corona | Cotay | Courier | Crane-Simplex | Crawford | CRG Special | Crossland | Crow-Elkhart | Crown Magnetic | Cruiser | Cummins | Cunningham | Curran | Curtis | Curtiss | Custer | CWB | Cyclomobile | DAC | Dagmar | Daniels | Dartmobile | Davis | Davis Steam | Deering Magnetic | Delling | Delmore | DeSoto | Detroit Electric | DeVault | Dey | Diamond | Diana | Dixie Flyer | Doble | Dodge | Dorris | Dort | Douglas | Dragon | Drake | Driggs | Du Pont | Dual | Duesenberg | Durant | Eagle | Earl | Economy | Economy-Vogue | Elcar | Electrocar | Elgin | Empire | Erie | Erskine | Essex | Fageol | Falcon (1921–1922) | Falcon (1921–1923) | Falcon-Knight | Falls | Fargo | Farner | Ferris | Five-Boro | Flint | Ford | Fox | Franklin | Fremont | Friend | Fritchle | Frontenac | Fujioka | Fulton | Gardner | Gearless | Gem | General Motors Cab | Geneva | Geronimo | Glide | Globe | Glover | Goodspeed | Graham | Graham-Paige | Grant | Gray (1920) | Gray (1921–1926) | Gregory | Hackett | Halladay | Hamlin | Hamlin-Holmes | Handley | Handley-Knight | Hanover | Hanson | Harding | Harris Six | Harroun | Harvard | Hatfield | Haynes | HCS | Heine-Velox | Henney | Hercules Electric | Hertz | Highlander | Hilton | Hollier | Holmes | Howard (1916–1919) | Howard (1928–1929) | Hudson | Huffman | Hupmobile | Hupp-Yeats | Ideal | Indian | Innes | International | Jackson | Jewett | Jones | Jordan | Kelsey | Kenworthy | Kess-Line | Kessler | King | Kissel | Kleiber | Kline Kar | Klondike | Kurtz Automatic | L & E | La Marne | Lafayette | Lakewood | Landon | LaSalle | Laurel | Leach | Leon Rubay | Lexington | Liberty | Liberty Light Car | Lincoln | Littlemac | Locomobile | Lone Star | Lorraine (1920–1922) | Lorraine (1920–1923) | Louisianne | Lozier | Luxor | Madison | Maibohm | Majestic | Manexall | Marmon | Marquette | Marsh | Marshall | Martel | Maxwell | Mayfair | McCurdy | McFarlan | McGill | Mel Special | Mercer | Mercury | Merit | Meteor (1915–1930) | Meteor (1919–1922) | Metropolitan | Metz | Milburn | Miller | Miller-Quincy | Mitchell | Moline-Knight | Moller | Monitor | Monroe | Moon | Moore | Moreland | Mort | Mulford | Murray (1916–1920) | Murray (1921–1931) | Napoleon | Nash | National | Nelson | New York Six | Noma | Northway | Norwalk | Oakland | Ogren | Oldsmobile | Olympian | Overland | Owen Magnetic | Packard | Paige | Pan | Pan American | Paragon | Paramount (1923–1924) | Paramount (1927–1931) | Parenti | Paterson | Patterson-Greenfield | Pedersen | Peerless | Pennant | Peters | Phianna | Piedmont | Pierce-Arrow | Pilot | Plymouth | Pomeroy | Pontiac | Porter | Prado | Premier | Premocar | Preston | Princeton | R & L | R & V Knight | Raleigh | Ranger | Rauch & Lang | Red Ball | Red Bug | Rees | Remal-Vincent | Reo | Revere | Richard | Richelieu | Rickenbacker | Riddle | Roamer | Robe | Rock Falls | Rodgers | Rollin | Romer | Roosevelt | Rotary | Royal Martel | Rugby | Ruxton | S & S | Saf-T-Cab | Samson | Saxon | Sayers | Schuler | Scott-Newcomb | Scripps-Booth | Seneca | Sequoia | Serrifile | Severin | Shaw (1920–1921) | Shaw (1920–1930) | Sheridan | Silver | Simplex | Simplicity Six | Singer | Skelton | Smith Flyer | Southern Six | Spacke | Spencer | Sperling | St. Louis | Standard | Standish | Stanley | Stanwood | Star | Stearns-Knight | Steinmetz | Stephens | Sterling | Sterling-Knight | Stevens-Duryea | Stirling | Stork-Kar | Strattan | Stratton-Bliss | Studebaker | Stutz | Sun | Super Paramount | Supreme | SV | Tarkington | Templar | Temple-Westcott | Texan | Texas | Texmobile | Totem | Trask-Detroit | Traveler | Tulsa | Twentieth Century | United | Unwin | Vaughn | Velie | Vernon | Victor Pagé | Victory | Viking | Vogue | Waltham | Washington | Wasp | WBC | Westcott | Whippet | Wichita | Wills Sainte Claire | Willys | Willys-Knight | Windsor | Wing | Wing Midget | Winther | Winton | Wizard | Wolverine (1917–1919) | Wolverine (1927–1928) | Yellow